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<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">london-journal-of-engineering-research</journal-id>
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<journal-title>London Journal of Engineering Research</journal-title>
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<issn publication-format="print">2631-8474</issn>
<issn publication-format="electronic">2631-8482</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>JournalsPress</publisher-name></publisher>
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<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">226146</article-id>
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<article-title>DeepRAG: A Conceptual Multi-Agent Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Autonomous and Verifiable Research Synthesis</article-title>
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<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Balani</surname><given-names>Dr. Aryan Vijay</given-names></name></contrib>
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<volume>26</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<abstract><p>In today’s world of information overload, researchers face increased difficulty in identifying reliable, verified, and up-to-date knowledge from vast online data sources. While Large Language Models (LLMs) and traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems support factual retrieval, they remain limited by single-agent reasoning, lack of integrated validation, and dependence on static or outdated knowledge bases. This paper proposes DeepRAG, a conceptual, implementation-ready multi-agent Retrieval-Augmented Generation framework designed to support autonomous and verifiable research synthesis. DeepRAG introduces a coordinated set of specialised agents for planning, semantic retrieval, real-time web data acquisition, citation validation, knowledge synthesis, and structured report generation. The framework leverages agentic orchestration mechanisms (e.g., Autogen), vector-based retrieval using ChromaDB, and real-time web crawling via Crawl4AI to address core limitations of existing RAG pipelines. Rather than presenting empirical benchmarks, this work focuses on architectural design, agent-level responsibilities, and workflow specification, demonstrating how DeepRAG is intended to generate citation-backed research reports in PDF format using the FPDF library. Design-level reasoning indicates that the proposed framework addresses challenges related to factual grounding, citation consistency, and transparency in AI-assisted research. DeepRAG thus provides a robust foundation for future prototype development, experimental evaluation, and deployment of autonomous research assistants.</p></abstract>
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<p>In today&#039;s world of information overload, researchers face increased difficulty in identifying reliable, verified, and up-to-date knowledge from vast online data sources. While Large Language Models (LLMs) and traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems support factual retrieval, they remain limited by single-agent reasoning, lack of integrated validation, and dependence on static or outdated knowledge bases. This paper proposes DeepRAG, a conceptual, implementation-ready multi-agent Retrieval-Augmented Generation framework designed to support autonomous and verifiable research synthesis. DeepRAG introduces a coordinated set of specialised agents for planning, semantic retrieval, real-time web data acquisition, citation validation, knowledge synthesis, and structured report generation. The framework leverages agentic orchestration mechanisms (e.g., Autogen), vector-based retrieval using ChromaDB, and real-time web crawling via Crawl4AI to address core limitations of existing RAG pipelines. Rather than presenting empirical benchmarks, this work focuses on architectural design, agent-level responsibilities, and workflow specification, demonstrating how DeepRAG is intended to generate citation-backed research reports in PDF format using the FPDF library. Design-level reasoning indicates that the proposed framework addresses challenges related to factual grounding, citation consistency, and transparency in AI-assisted research. DeepRAG thus provides a robust foundation for future prototype development, experimental evaluation, and deployment of autonomous research assistants.</p>
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