From the perspective of cultural consciousness, cultural security and cultural self-confidence, we thoroughly examine problems existing in the construction of Chinese language ability compatible with the ‘Belt and Road Initiatives’. In order to improve Chinese language competence building, the internationalization of higher education in China should be promoted in the course of which Chinese language should be encouraged to be lingua franca. In addition, to realize their professional development, college teachers of foreign language teaching should take the initiative to undertake the education and teaching reform brought about by the new era of economic globalization.