Hubble Trouble

I. INTRODUCTION

Prior to the appearance of Stephen Hawking, Edwin Hubble was the stupidest man who ever lived on the planet. Hubble apparently assumed that the telescope and the camera he used in the Mount Wilson observatory were perfectly placed on the earth's surface and the earth somehow spun around in the center of the universe.

At 11:53 AM EST on September 26, 2023, I entered the question: "How many stars are there?" into the GOOGLE Scholar Search Engine. The GOOGLE Scholar Search Engine dutifully reported that it had found "About 3,690,000 results (0.15 sec)"The first article listed was entitled: "How many low-mass stars do destroy e?" It had been written by C Charbonnel, and JD do Nascimento Jr The article began somewhat incomprehensibly with: "We recall the current status of the long-standing 3He problem, and its possible connection with chemical anomalies on the red giant branch. In this context, we collect in the literature all the available observations of the carbon isotopic ratio in field and cluster giant stars. Using the HIPPARCOS parallaxes, we get constraints on the evolutionary status of the field stars of the sample. This allows us to identify the stars that have passed the luminosity function bump and present 12C/13C ratios in disagreement with the standard predictions of stellar evolutionary models. We determine statistically what fraction of low mass stars experience an extra-mixing process on the red giant branch, and are then expected to destroy their 3He at this evolutionary phase. The high number we get satisfies the galactic requirements for the evolution of the 3He abundance Charbonnel, C., & do" Nascimento Jr, J. D. (1998). How many low-mass stars do destroy 3He?. arXiv preprint astro-ph/9805235.

Only the citation is included in the second article listed:

"[CITATION] Irinogenetics: how many stars are there in the sky?

Irinogenetics: how many stars are there in the sky? - Abstract - Europe PMC... Irinogenetics: how many stars are there in the sky?

Some of the other articles listed are:

[PDF] iop.org How many infrared dark clouds can form massive stars and clusters?

Internal status sorting in groups: The problem of too many stars.

JR Overbeck, J Correll, B Park - Status and groups, 2005 - emerald.com

II. HOW ANIMALS FOLLOW THE STARS

JJ Foster, J Smolka, DE Nilsson... -... of the Royal Society B..., 2018 - royalsocietypublishing.org

It is obvious that nobody knows how many stars there are.

Visible physicists confuse the terms infinite and total. According to the physicists, there could not be an infinite number of stars because if that were the case, there would be a total glare and no black sky. Actual infinity cannot be finitely defined and there would be total astral glare only if there were a total number of stars.

Folk have been led to believe that only the visible top of the sea, or a pool table, or the outmost coating of a building is properly called its surface, and there are many types of solid, liquid, and vaporous surfaces. This has caused them to believe that accurate measurements of distance and duration can be obtained.

On page 122 of his silly book A BRIEF HISTORY OF TIME, English author Stephen Hawking wrote: "At the (invisible imaginary) big bang itself the universe is thought to have had zero size and so to have been infinitely hot. But as the universe expanded, the temperature of the radiation decreased." He obviously meant totally hot. The real visible infinitely sized universe has always been infinitely hot, and an infinitely hot visible universe cannot expand or contract and will remain infinitely hot forever.

Hawking is known for his preposterous claim that the universe could contain a black hole that was so dense a trapped star's light could not escape it. The universe has always had an infinite number of holes of every infinite hue.

Just as all of the visible physicists have been wrong for assuming that a duality of matter located in invisible curved space/time and empty space could co-exist simultaneously, when only infinite visible surface has ever existed; so too, all of the authors of these articles have been wrong for assuming that stars have finite independent surfaces. And the ability to assemble into finite patterns that could only last for a finite duration.

At 11:45 AM EST, I entered the question: "How many galaxies are there?" into the google scholar Search Engine and I was immediately informed that the Engine had found articles with" About 912,000 results (0.09 sec)

The first five entries on page 1 of the search were:

Quantitative Morphology of Moderate-Redshift Galaxies: How Many Peculiar Galaxies Are There?

A Naim, KU Ratnatunga, RE Griffiths - The Astrophysical Journal, 1997 - iopscience.iop.org

... As disk-dominated galaxies with a small or no... therefore normal galaxies as far as this paper is concerned and belong to the "" Sl III bin described above. On the other hand, for a galaxy...

[BOOK] Galaxies, Galaxies!(New & Updated Edition)

G Gibbons - 2018 - books.google.com

... There are two irregular galaxies that travel on the edge of the Milky Way... Many observatories are built on the tops of mountains, where the air is clear and there are no distracting city.

How many galaxies fit in a halo? Constraints on galaxy formation efficiency from spatial clustering R Scoccimarro, RK Sheth, L Hui... - The Astrophysical..., 2001 - iopscience.iop.org

... Discussion of how to use the halo models described above to predict the clustering of galaxies.

Our... the point-size halo limit, since in this case there is at most a single galaxy (which we Optical imaging of ultraluminous IRAS galaxies: how many are mergers?

DL Clements, WJ Sutherland... - Monthly Notices of..., 1996 - academic.oup.com

... There are still many unanswered questions about ULIRGs. For example, it is still unclear whether they are driven by an active galactic nucleus (AGN) core buried beneath the dust, or Infall of matter in galaxies RB Larson - Nature, 1972 - nature.com

... There is no conclusive evidence for the existence of... of understanding how the present gas content of the Galaxy has... to see many galaxies which are still accreting material, that is, The first five articles listed on page 3 of the GOOGLE SCHOLAR Search Engine list are:

Tidal disruption of stars by black holes of solar masses in nearby galaxies MJ Rees - Nature, 1988 - nature.com

... May also indicate how many galactic... There have been several analyses of how a central mass influences the orbits and spatial distribution of stars in the inner regions of its host galaxy...

... Survey aiming at the detection of extraplanar diffuse ionized gas in halos of edge-on spiral galaxies-I. How common are gaseous halos among non-starburst galaxies...

J Rossa, RJ Dettmar - Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2003 - aanda.org

... However, it should be stressed that there are still many galaxies of our survey, which have... regime there is also the demand for more sensitive observations of nearby edge-on galaxies...

The DEEP2 galaxy redshift survey: Spectral classification of galaxies at z~1

DS Madgwick, AL Coil, CJ Conselice... - The Astrophysical..., 2003 - iopscience.iop.org

... Accurately reconstruct any given galaxy spectrum, suggesting there are not many "degrees... in each galaxy. However, in terms of how each is calculated for high-z galaxies there are Star formation in irregular galaxies: A review of several key questions D Hunter - Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997 - iopscience.iop.org.

... There are a number of ways that have been employed to do... Ha luminosity tells you how many massive stars have recently... There are two parts to the fire lookout's question, and we will

The missing metal problem—I. How many metals are in submillimetre galaxies?

N Bouché, MD Bouché, C Péroux - Monthly Notices of the Royal..., 2005 - academic.oup.com.

... Using these local results, in order to provide a more robust estimate of the total metal content we assume (i) that there is as much H i as molecular gas, which is likely to be an upper limit Page after page of utterly silly misinformation.

This is the abysmal preposterous claim Edwin Hubble made. Although there appeared to be an enormous number of visible stars, they all helpingly assembled into a finite manageable listing of galaxies. While the sun seemed to attract the planets, the earth had started to repel the galaxies and the galaxies furthest away from the earth were fleeing away from it at a rate of speed that was faster than the speed of light.

Well, how did Edwin Hubble determine which real visible galaxies were farthest away from planet Earth? He didn't. He couldn't.

According to the information contained on page 353 of the book Title: Edwin Hubble 1889-1953

Hubble's ignorance was only exceeded by his manifest arrogance.

There has only ever been, and there will only ever be, one infinite visible seamless contrasting surface eternally occurring in one infinite dimension while always being illuminated by one infinite form of finite non-surface light.

The only phenomena Edwin Hubble could have ever seen whenever he was looking through the eyepiece of his refracting telescope or eyeballing upwards on a clear night, would have been a swath of part of the surface of black night sky illuminated by the non-surface light of an infinite number of stars.

There is no logical way the stars could be billions of miles away from earth.

THE REAL VISIBLE UNIVERSE CONSISTS OF ONE SEAMLESS CONTRASTING SURFACE. OCCURRING IN ONE INFINITE DIMENSION WHILE ALWAYS BEING ILLUMINATED BY ONE INFINITE FORM OF FINITE NON-SURFACE LIGHT. By that I mean an infinite number of flashlights have been or will be manufactured and each one of this infinite number of flashlights is capable when properly operated of producing a finite amount of non-surface light for a finite duration.

Unfortunately, all of the visible philosophers who have ever lived have been guilty of providing false information about the real visible Universe. They have informed only on what they thought and omitted to express what they actually saw. Renè Descartes even went so far as to state that his existence depended on his ability to think. All thoughts are merely guesswork.

No matter in which direction one looks in, one will only ever see a swath of part of the only infinite seamless contrasting surface occurring in one infinite dimension that is always illuminated by an infinite form of finite non-surface light.