Abstract
Vision 2025 recommends that education should lead to high quality livelihood for all Tanzanians through strategies which ensure attainment of a level of tertiary education ,hard work and creativity through implementation of practical skills among learners. Empirical studies related to the implementation of practical skills for the realization of Vision 2025 among Secondary School learners have not been documented in Kilimanjaro Region. Thus the aim of this study was to document the current study and to review empirical studies related to the implementation of practical skills among secondary school learners in general . This paper addresses four themes of literature review in implementation of practical skills among secondary school learners: Strategies used by Secondary School teachers in the implementation of Practical Skills among secondary school learners; Perception of teachers towards implementation of practical skills among secondary school learners; Challenges faced by teachers and learners in the implementation of practical skills for the realization of Vision 2025 and possible solutions; Summary of literature review and identification of the research gap, summary of main findings ,conclusions and recommendations. This study used convergent mixed research methods.. The sample population was 531 people including 3 DEOs, 110 Secondary School teachers,11heads of schools, 11academic masters and 396 Form four learners of government and private secondary schools of three district councils. Probability and non probability sampling were used. Data were collected through questionnaires, interview guide, document analysis schedule and observation schedule. The findings revealed strategies of assigning learners practical skill activities; developing practical skill projects; positive perception of teachers and learners towards practical skills; an interlink between practical skills and employment opportunities ;challenges included difficulty of teachers in preparing practical skill activities, inadequate qualified teachers; inadequate practical skill facilities; and solutions to the challenges included Education Planners to plan refresher courses for secondary school teachers. In conclusion this implied that Vision 2025 could be realized through secondary school education by learners acquiring practical skills which help improve their livelihood. Recommendations include practical skill subjects such as agriculture and building construction to be introduced to all secondary schools.
Keywords
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