Typology of Volume-Space Structures of the Orthodox Monasteries of the Kaluga Province in the Process of their Historical Development

The monasteries of the Kaluga province represent a failure of diverse architectural ensembles, with complex internal dynamics that do not allow bringing the variety of forms to uniform evaluation criteria. The process of building up the monastery complex sometimes took several centuries, and therefore the architectural and compositional decisions of a monastery are often not sustained in a single stylistic direction. Considering the developed monastery complexes as established architectural structures, one can note many common typological features in their development, layout and composition. This is due to the unity of functional purpose, as well as the symbolic interpretation of the monastery ensemble.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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The datasets used in this study are openly available at [repository link] and the source code is available on GitHub at [GitHub link].

This work did not receive any external funding.