The Study of the Complexity and Capacity of Urban Floristic Diversity in arid Zones, Exemplified by the City of Bukhara, RUz

This study investigates the biodiversity of urban flora in the arid zone of Bukhara, Republic of Uzbekistan. The research is based on newly proposed methods—examining the complexity and potential of flora biodiversity. Additionally, the study employs the biodiversity index, which includes species abundance equalization (the probability of species occurrence) and the Shannon index. This work represents the first attempt to calculate biodiversity complexity and potential indicators for real ecological systems.

The findings indicate that the biodiversity of Bukhara’s urban flora is characterized by uneven species abundance. A few tree species (Pinus brutia var. eldarica (Medw.) Silba; Ulmus parvifolia L.; Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco), shrub species (Rosa chinensis Jacq.; Yucca filamentosa L.), and herbaceous species (Cynodon dactylon L.; Salsola sp.; Coreopsis lanceolata L.; Lolium perenne L.; Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv) exhibit significant dominance. The study reveals a high level of complexity but a low potential in the structure of urban flora biodiversity, indicating weak resilience, adaptation, and regeneration capability.

These results suggest that the fundamental principles governing natural biodiversity transformations—lack of identity, unified logic, harmony, purpose, and order—are disrupted within urban ecosystems due to the introduction of subjective logic, harmony, goal orientation, and order.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Not applicable

The datasets used in this study are openly available at [repository link] and the source code is available on GitHub at [GitHub link].

This work did not receive any external funding.